What nervous system controls most GI tract reflexes inherently?

• A. Central nervous system
• B. Enteric nervous system
• C. Autonomic nervous system
• D. Spinal cord reflex arches

Answer: (B)

Most GI tract reflexes are handled by the enteric nervous system, the intrinsic network embedded in the gut wall. This system forms two major networks—the myenteric (Auerbach) plexus that coordinates muscle contractions and motility, and the submucosal (Meissner) plexus that regulates secretions and local blood flow. Together, they can generate and coordinate reflexes like peristalsis and secretion independently of the brain, which is why they’re described as the gut’s own nervous system. The brain and autonomic nerves (parasympathetic and sympathetic) can modulate these activities, and some spinal reflexes exist, but the majority of reflex control within the GI tract is intrinsic to the enteric system itself.